Psychological and Social Behaviour Of Mr Jesus - Did Jesus Actually Support Patriarchy?
Introduction
People often assume Jesus supported patriarchy because later Christian institutions became strongly male‑dominated. But when we look at the earliest stories about Jesus — and the earliest Christian communities — a very different picture appears.
In my article I explore those early patterns in simple, clear language and suggest that Jesus himself did not act like a strict patriarch. Instead, the patriarchal systems we see later in Christianity were added by church institutions long after his death.
1. What “Patriarchy” Means in This Context
To understand the question, we need to be clear about what “patriarchy” means. In the ancient world, patriarchy showed up in three main ways:
1. Greco‑Roman patriarchy
Men ruled the household.
Women obeyed.
Men controlled property and inheritance.
2. Jewish religious patriarchy
Men led religious life.
Men received education.
Men spoke in public.
3. Later church patriarchy
Only men could be priests or bishops.
Women were pushed out of leadership.
Church law supported male authority.
The key point is this: The earliest Jesus movement does not match any of these systems.
2. How Jesus Treated Women in Early Stories
2.1 Women in the Gospels
In the earliest Gospel stories, women appear in roles that break the rules of their time.
Women as first witnesses
All four Gospels say women — especially Mary Magdalene — were the first to see the empty tomb. In that culture, women’s testimony was not considered reliable. Yet the earliest Christians kept this detail anyway.
Women as students
Mary of Bethany sits at Jesus’ feet — the position of a rabbinic student. This was normally reserved for men.
Women who challenge and teach
The Syrophoenician woman debates with Jesus’ followers and shows deep insight (Mark 7:24–30). Jesus praises her understanding.
These stories show women as active, trusted, and central — not silent or hidden.
2.2 Women in Early Christian Communities
Outside the Bible, early Christian writings and archaeology show:
Women leading house churches
Women teaching and prophesying
Women doing missionary work
Women organizing communities
Some early church leaders later attacked these women because they threatened the rise of male‑only leadership.
This evidence makes it hard to claim Jesus ran a strictly patriarchal movement.
3. Jesus’ Psychological and Social Behaviour
The way Jesus behaves in early stories does not match the mindset of a strict patriarch.
He crosses boundaries
He speaks with women, foreigners, the sick, and the “unclean” — people patriarchal systems avoided.
He leads through compassion, not control
People follow him because of his moral authority, not because he demands obedience.
He lifts up the marginalized
He treats the poor, women, and outsiders with dignity and respect.
He breaks purity rules
He touches the “unclean,” eats with sinners, and ignores social taboos.
This is the behavior of someone breaking patriarchal norms, not enforcing them.
4. Early Christian Symbols and What They Suggest
4.1 The Fish Symbol (Ichthys)
The fish symbol appears very early in Christian art. It stood for:
Jesus Christ
Baptism
New life
Community identity
But the fish also had older meanings in the ancient world:
Fertility
Birth
Water and life
Feminine creative power
This suggests early Christians kept symbols connected to life and the feminine — long before the cross became dominant.
4.2 A Shift in Symbolism
In many ancient cultures, fish and water symbols represented life and birth. Later, the cross became the main Christian symbol — a symbol tied to empire, punishment, and hierarchy.
This shift supports the idea that later Christianity added patriarchal and imperial layers that were not present at the start.
5. How Patriarchy Entered Christianity Later
By the 4th century, the church became more organized and aligned with the Roman Empire. As this happened:
Women were pushed out of leadership.
Church offices became male‑only.
Household codes were used to justify male authority.
Patriarchy became part of church law and structure.
This was not because Jesus taught patriarchy. It was because institutions needed order, hierarchy, and control — and patriarchy served those needs.
Conclusion
The earliest Jesus traditions show:
Women included and trusted
Social boundaries crossed
Symbols linked to life and the feminine
A movement that was flexible, relational, and open
Later patriarchy came from church institutions, not from Jesus IMHO.
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